Oxidized BPL Carbons

Technical Considerations for B (BPL) Communi

The use of the electric power transmission and distribution system as a transmission medium for broadband communications is considered. It is found that there are three significant technical hurdles to be overcome before successful implementation of such systems can be accomplished. The first is the relatively high attenuation rate due to discontinuities such as taps, transformers and other dev...

Determining BPL Status Some Methodological Improvements

Iberdrola, Spain Broadband Power Line (BPL)

BACKGROUND Domestic and European Union wide directives are encouraging more and more utilities to modernize their distribution grids. Spain became a pioneer by starting to replace traditional metering systems with modern standardized AMR solutions. In addition to the regulatory directives, Iberdrola grabbed this opportunity to think beyond metering. Iberdrola introduced remote management and co...

Simulations in GAD project: BPL networks

This paper presents the simulation tasks carried out by CITIC in the framework of the Spanish R&D project Gestión Activa de Demanda (Active Demand Management), with the acronym GAD. Before the actual development of the hardware and software in the GAD project, the entire system architecture was defined. During this initial phase two simulation tasks were performed in order to demonstrate the fe...

Selecting a Targeting Method to Identify BPL Households in India

This paper proposes how to select a methodology to target multidimensionally poor households, and how to update that targeting exercise periodically. We present this methodology in the context of discussions regarding the selection of a targeting methodology in India. In 1992, 1997, and 2002 the Indian government identified households that are Below the Poverty Line (BPL) and in updating the 20...